Endocrine Abstracts

Background: The differential diagnosis of hyponatremia is often challenging because of its association with multiple underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, diseases and treatment options. Several algorithms are available in order to guide the diagnostic approach to hyponatremia, but their diagnostic and clinical utility has never been evaluated. We aimed to assess in detail the diagnostic utility as well the limitations of the existing approaches to hyponatremia.<p clas...

Background: The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD) is the most frequent cause of hyponatremia. Its diagnosis requires a decreased serum osmolality, urinary osmolality >200 mosm/kg, clinical euvolemia, and urinary sodium (UNa) >30 mmol/l. The natriuretic effect of diuretics impairs the diagnostic accuracy of UNa and thus, limits the diagnostic and therapeutic decision in hyponatremic patients substantially. We therefore examined the accuracy to predict SIAD o...

Introduction: The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIADH) is the most common cause of hypoosmolality. Ectopic AVP hypersecretion has long been considered as the primaryn mechanism of SIADH. But different types of osmoregulatory defect in AVP release have been described in this disorder. A comprehensive characterization of these different forms of SIADH in a large cohort of patients may provide important new insights into the still incompletely understood pathophysiology...